诺奖得主朱棣文：实现温室气体净零排放的关键挑战
直播时间：2025年7月15日（周二）上午10：30-12:00
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【摘要Abstract】
Throughout human history, multiple industrial and agricultural revolutions that have profoundly transformed the world. However, the unintended consequence of these revolutions is that the greenhouse gas emissions are changing Earth’s climate. Most of our energy sources and many of the materials we use are based on fossil-fuel. The challenges how to provide clean energy, water, air and food in a world of over 8 billion people and likely to grow to 11 billion by 2100 are formidable. After a brief summary of our current trajectory, I will discuss the current progress, opportunities and challenges needed to achieve net-zero greenhouse emissions that will include food production and capture CO2.
在人类历史中，多次工农业革命深刻改变了世界。但始料未及的是，这些变革带来的温室气体排放正改变地球气候。目前，我们的能源和材料大多依赖化石燃料。全球人口已超 80 亿，2100 年可能增至 110 亿，如何在这样的世界中保障清洁能源、水、空气和食物供应，是艰巨挑战。我将先简述当前发展轨迹，再探讨实现温室气体净零排放（含粮食生产与二氧化碳捕集）的进展、机遇与挑战。
【报告人简介About the Speaker】
Prof. Steven Chu is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor at Stanford University. He was awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics for his groundbreaking work on laser cooling and optical trapping of atoms, a foundation of modern atomic physics.
From 2004 to 2009, Prof. Chu directed the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. From 2009 to 2013, he served as U.S. Secretary of Energy under President Barack Obama, where he led major clean energy initiatives such as ARPA-E and Energy Innovation Hubs. Prof. Chu has made contributions across physics, biophysics, and engineering, including atomic fountain clocks, optical tweezers, and single-molecule FRET techniques. His current research spans biophysics, medical imaging, nanoparticle synthesis, and battery technology.
Prof. Chu is a member of multiple national academies, including the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and has received over 35 honorary degrees worldwide.
朱棣文教授是美国斯坦福大学威廉·R·肯南Jr.讲席教授。他因开创性地提出激光冷却与光学捕获技术，于1997年荣获诺贝尔物理学奖，为现代原子物理奠定了基础。
2004 年至 2009 年朱棣文教授担任劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室主任。2009年至2013年，他出任美国能源部部长，期间推动了ARPA-E、能源创新中心（Energy Innovation Hubs）等重要清洁能源计划。他的研究横跨物理、生物物理与工程学，涉及原子喷泉钟、光镊技术、单分子FRET成像等领域。目前研究方向包括生物物理学、医学成像、纳米颗粒合成与电池储能等。
朱棣文教授是美国国家科学院、中国科学院等多国顶尖学术机构的院士，曾获全球三十余所高校授予的荣誉博士学位，享有极高国际声誉。
【主持人】
王贻芳院士
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